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1. The demands of the times and the positioning of main functions of science and technology industrialization
In the strategic context of building a technologically powerful country, technological industrialization has become a key link in achieving high-level scientific and technological self-reliance. Current my country Transformation of scientific and technological achievements Compared with developed countries, there is still a significant gap in the scientific and technological achievements transformation rate. This situation highlights the importance of improving the scientific and technological achievements transformation system. Technology enterprise incubator、New R&D institutions and university science parks, as the three main industrialization carriers, show obvious differentiated characteristics in terms of functional positioning.Incubators mainly screen and cultivate technology-based enterprises through market-oriented mechanisms, and their core value lies in providing entrepreneurial services and resource docking; new R&D institutions are oriented by industrial needs and focus on applied technology research and development and achievement transformation; university science parks rely on the scientific research resources of universities and are committed to the commercial application of academic achievements.Each of the three plays an irreplaceable role in the chain of transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and their performance differences are mainly reflected in aspects such as technological maturity adaptability, market-oriented operation capabilities, and resource integration efficiency.
2. The market-oriented transformation advantages of technology-based business incubators Data released by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in October 2024 shows that my country has cultivated more than 16,000 incubation institutions, serving more than 700,000 entrepreneurial companies and teams, and more than 5,000 companies graduated from incubation institutions have been listed (listed). One-third of the companies listed on the Science and Technology Innovation Board are companies that have been incubated and cultivated. The core competitiveness of the incubator is mainly reflected in three aspects: first, its market-based screening mechanism can effectively identify technology projects with commercial potential, and the advanced incubator sets up project screening to ensure the quality of incubated projects; second, the complete entrepreneurial service system covers the entire process from technology verification to market promotion, significantly improving the success rate of entrepreneurship; third, the strong resource integration ability realizes the effective connection of technology, capital and market.In 2021, the amount of venture capital investment received by incubated companies was 122.65 billion yuan, with the growth rates in 2020 and 2021 reaching 44.1% and 56.0% respectively. In 2021, the number of companies receiving investment and financing reached 16,153, an increase of 16.1% compared to 2020. The amount of venture capital received by a single company reached a record high of 7.593 million yuan, an increase of 34.3% compared to 2020. However, the incubator model also has obvious limitations: support for early-stage technologies is insufficient, and only a small number of incubators have dedicated seed funds. 3. Industry-oriented transformation mechanism of new R&D institutions With its unique "demand-oriented, integrated research and application" model, new R&D institutions have demonstrated significant advantages in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in specific fields.New R&D institutions are often backed by big trees and are basically dominated by universities or institutes. They have innate credit advantages and have a greater sense of superiority in cooperation negotiations. They often play a "bridgehead" role in the process of transformation of results.Data shows that the technology contract turnover of new R&D institutions is higher than that of ordinary traditional scientific research institutes, and the achievement transformation cycle will also be greatly shortened. This high efficiency is mainly due to three system designs: first, the flexible employment mechanism, where the salary of scientific researchers is directly linked to the benefits of achievement transformation; second, close industry-university-research cooperation, more than 70% of R&D projects come from direct needs of enterprises; third, professional technology transfer team, with an average of 5-8 full-time employees per institution.technology broker. Taking the Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute as an example, it has spawned and incubated more than 600 technology companies, achieving a technology transaction volume of nearly 10 billion yuan. However, new R&D institutions also face many challenges: R&D activities are overly concentrated in the field of applied technology and insufficient investment in basic research; sustainable development capabilities are weak, and about 60% of institutional operating funds rely on government subsidies; regional distribution is uneven, with the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions concentrating 75% of the country's new R&D institutions. 4. Bottlenecks and breakthroughs in achievement transformation in university science and technology parks As an important link between academia and industry, university science and technology parks are restricted by multiple factors in their efficiency in transforming scientific and technological achievements.Changshu Research Institute of Southwest University It is understood that compared with the international advanced level, there is still much room for improvement in the conversion efficiency of my country's university science and technology parks. This gap is mainly due to institutional obstacles in three aspects: the scientific research evaluation system needs to be optimized, the incentive mechanism needs to be improved, and the market-oriented operation capability is relatively weak. Although some top universities have achieved remarkable results through institutional innovation, overall, university science parks have not yet fully played their due role. The deep-seated contradiction lies in the fact that the synergistic mechanism between academic value and commercial value has not yet been fully established, and there is an insufficient reserve of professional talents for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. 5. Collaborative development: building an ecosystem for technological industrialization The complexity of the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements determines the need to establish a multi-subject collaborative innovation ecosystem. Ideally, the three types of entities should form a transformation chain with complementary functions:University science parks focus on basic research breakthroughs and proof of concept, new R&D institutions are responsible for technology development and productization, and incubators promote scale and marketization.. To achieve this kind of synergy, institutional innovation needs to be carried out at multiple levels: establishing a cross-subject information sharing platform, improving the benefit distribution mechanism, and improving the scientific and technological financial service system. At the policy level, it is recommended to focus on promoting the following reforms: optimizing the scientific research evaluation system of universities, expanding the autonomy of scientific researchers in transforming their achievements, and improving the construction of technology trading markets. Only by building a systematic and professional ecology for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements can we truly open up the "last mile" from the laboratory to the production line and realize the fundamental transformation of scientific and technological advantages into industrial competitive advantages. Source: Guoke Torch Business Incubator Research Center